Roget's Thesaurus


THESAURUS OF ENGLISH WORDS AND PHRASES

Classified and Arranged so as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas 


CLASS I
WORDS EXPRESSING ABSTRACT RELATIONS
SECTION I. EXISTENCE
1. BEING, IN THE ABSTRACT
#1. existence #2. inexistence

2. BEING, IN THE CONCRETE
#3. substantiality #4. unsubstantiality

3. FORMAL EXISTENCE
Internal conditions #5. intrinsicality  External conditions #6. extrinsicality

4. MODAL EXISTENCE
Absolute #7. state 

Relative #8. circumstance

SECTION II. RELATION
1. ABSOLUTE RELATION
#9. relation #10. irrelation

#11. consanguinity

#12. correlation

#13. identity #14. contrariety

#15. difference

2. CONTINUOUS RELATION
#16. uniformity #16a. nonuniformity


3. PARTIAL RELATION
#17. similarity #18. dissimilarity

#19. imitation #20. nonimitation

#20a. variation

#21. copy #22. prototype


4. GENERAL RELATION
#23. agreement #24. disagreement

SECTION III. QUANTITY
1. SIMPLE QUANTITY
#25. quantity #26. degree


2. COMPARATIVE QUANTITY
#27. equality #28. inequality

#29. mean

#30. compensation

QUANTITY BY COMPARISON WITH A STANDARD
#31. greatness #32. smallness

QUANTITY BY COMPARISON WITH A SIMILAR OBJECT
#33. superiority #34. inferiority

CHANGES IN QUANTITY
#35. increase #36. nonincrease, decrease

3. CONJUNCTIVE QUANTITY
#37. addition #38. nonaddition, subtraction

#39. adjunct #40. remainder

#40a. decrement

#41. mixture #42. simpleness

#43. junction #44. disjunction

#45. connection

#46. coherence #47. incoherence

#48. combination #49. decomposition

4. CONCRETE QUANTITY
#50. whole #51. part

#52. completeness #53. incompleteness

#54. composition #55. exclusion

#56. component #57. extraneousness

SECTION IV. ORDER
1. ORDER
#58. order #59. disorder

#59a. complexity

#60. arrangement #61. derangement

2. CONSECUTIVE ORDER
#62. precedence #63. sequence

#64. precursor #65. sequel

#66. beginning #67. end

#68. middle

#69. continuity #70. discontinuity

#71. term

3. COLLECTIVE ORDER
#72. assemblage #73. nonassemblage dispersion

#74. focus

4. DISTRIBUTIVE ORDER
#75. class

#76. inclusion #77. exclusion

#78. generality #79. speciality

5. ORDER AS REGARDS CATEGORIES
#80. normality #81. multiformity

#82. conformity #83. unconformity

SECTION V. NUMBER
1. NUMBER, IN THE ABSTRACT
#84. number

#85. numeration

#86. list

2. DETERMINATE NUMBER
#87. unity #88. accompaniment

#89. duality

#90. duplication #91. bisection

#92. triality

#93. triplication #94. trisection

#95. four

#96. quadruplication #97. quadrisection

#98. five, &c #99. quinquesection, &c

#100. plurality #100a. fraction


3. INDETERMINATE NUMBER
#101. zero

#102. multitude #103. fewness

#104. repetition

#105. infinity

SECTION VI. TIME
1. ABSOLUTE TIME
#106. time #107. neverness

#108. period #108a. contingent duration
#109. course

#110. diuturnity #111. transientness

#112. perpetuity #113. instantaneity

#114. chronometry #115. anachronism


2. RELATIVE TIME
1. Time with reference to Succession

#116. priority #117. posteriority

#118. the present time #119. different time

#120. synchronism

#121. futurity #122. the past

2. Time with reference to a particular period
#123. newness #124. oldness

#125. morning #126. evening

#127. youth #128. age

#129. infant #130. veteran

#131. adolescence


3. Time with reference to an Effect or Purpose
#132. earliness #132a. punctuality
#133. lateness

#134. occasion #135. untimeliness


3. RECURRENT TIME
#136. frequency #137. infrequency

#138. regularity of recurrence #139. irregularity of recurrence


SECTION VII. CHANGE
1. SIMPLE CHANGE

#140. change #141. permanence

#142. cessation #143. continuance in action

#144. conversion #145. reversion

#146. revolution

#147. substitution #148. interchange


2. COMPLEX CHANGE
#149. changeableness #150. stability


Present Events

#151. eventuality Future Events #152. destiny


SECTION VIII. CAUSATION
1. CONSTANCY OF SEQUENCE IN EVENTS
#153. cause #154. effect

#155. attribution #156. chance

2. CONNECTION BETWEEN CAUSE AND EFFECT
#157. power #158. impotence

#159. strength #160. weakness


3. POWER IN OPERATION
#161. production #162. destruction

#163. reproduction

#164. producer #165. destroyer

#166. paternity #167. posterity

#168. productiveness #169. unproductiveness

#170. agency

#171. physical energy #172. physical inertness

#173. violence #174. moderation

4. INDIRECT POWER
#175. influence #175a. absence of influence
#176. tendency

#177. liability

5. COMBINATIONS OF CAUSES
#178. concurrence #179. counteraction


CLASS II
WORDS RELATING TO SPACE
SECTION I. SPACE IN GENERAL
1. ABSTRACT SPACE
#180. space #180a. inextension
#181. region

#182. place

2. RELATIVE SPACE
#183. situation

#184. location #185. displacement

3. EXISTENCE IN SPACE
#186. presence #187. absence

#188. inhabitant #189. abode

#190. contents #191. receptacle


SECTION II. DIMENSIONS
1. GENERAL DIMENSIONS
#192. size #193. littleness

#194. expansion #195. contraction

#196. distance #197. nearness

#198. interval #199. contiguity


2. LINEAR DIMENSIONS
#200. length #201. shortness

#202. breadth, thickness #203. narrowness, thinness

#204. layer #205. filament

#206. height #207. lowness

#208. depth #209. shallowness

#210. summit #211. base

#212. verticality #213. horizontality

#214. pendency #215. support

#216. parallelism #216a. perpendicularity

#217. obliquity

#218. inversion

#219. crossing

3. CENTRICAL DIMENSIONS
1. General.
#220. exteriority #221. interiority

#222. centrality

#223. covering #224. lining

#225. clothing #226. divestment

#227. circumjacence

#228. interposition

#229. circumscription

#230. outline

#231. edge

#232. inclosure

#233. limit

2. Special
#234. front #235. rear

#236. laterality #237. contraposition

#238. dextrality #239. sinistrality


SECTION III. FORM
1. General Form
#240. form #241. amorphism

#242. symmetry #243. distortion

2. Special Form
#244. angularity

#245. curvature

#246. straightness

#247. circularity #248. convolution

#249. rotundity

3. Superficial Form
#250. convexity #251. flatness
#252. concavity

#252a sponge

#253. sharpness #254. bluntness

#255. smoothness #256. roughness

#257. notch

#258. fold

#259. furrow

#260. opening #261. closure

#262. perforator #263. stopper


SECTION IV. MOTION
1. Motion in General
#264. motion #265. quiescence

#266. journey #267. navigation

#268. traveler #269. mariner

#270. transference

#271. carrier

#272. vehicle #273. ship

2. Degrees of Motion
#274. velocity #275. slowness

3. Motion conjoined with Force
#276. impulse #277. recoil

4. Motion with reference to Direction
#278. direction #279. deviation

#280. precession #281. sequence

#282. progression #283. regression

#284. propulsion #285. traction

#286. approach #287. recession

#288. attraction #289. repulsion

#290. convergence #291. divergence

#292. arrival #293. departure

#294. ingress #295. egress

#296. reception #297. ejection

#298. food #299. excretion

#300. insertion #301. extraction

#302. passage

#303. transcursion #304. shortcoming

#305. ascent #306. descent

#307. elevation #308. depression

#309. leap #310. plunge

#311. circuition

#312. rotation #313. evolution

#314. oscillation

#315. agitation

CLASS III
Words Relating to MATTER
SECTION I. MATTER IN GENERAL
#316. materiality #317. immateriality

#318. world

#319. gravity #320. levity

SECTION II. INORGANIC MATTER
1. Solid Matter
#321. density #322. rarity

#323. hardness #324. softness

#325. elasticity #326. inelasticity

#327. tenacity #328. brittleness

#329. texture

#330. pulverulence

#331. friction #332. lubrication

2. FLUID MATTER
1. Fluids in General
#333. fluidity #334. gaseity

#335. liquefaction #336. vaporization

2. Specific Fluids
#337. water #338. air

#339. moisture #340. dryness

#341. ocean #342. land

#343. gulf, lake #344. plain

#345. marsh #346. island

3. Fluids in Motion
#347. stream

#348. river #349. wind

#350. conduit #351. airpipe

3. IMPERFECT FLUIDS
#352. semiliquidity #353. bubble; cloud

#354. pulpiness #355. unctuousness

#356. oil

#356a. resin


SECTION III. ORGANIC MATTER

1. VITALITY

1. Vitality in General
#357. organization #358. inorganization

#359. life #360. death

#361. killing

#362. corpse

#363. interment

2. Special Vitality
#364. animality #365. vegetability

#366. animal #367. vegetable

#368. zoology #369. botany

#370. husbandry #371. agriculture

#372. mankind

#373. man #374. woman

#374a. sexuality


2. SENSATION

1. Sensation in General


#375. physical sensibility #376. physical insensibility

#377. physical pleasure #378. physical pain


2. Special Sensation
(1) Touch
#379. touch
#380. sensations of touch #381. numbness

(2) Heat
#382. heat #383. cold

#384. calefaction #385. refrigeration

#386. furnace #387. refrigerator

#388. fuel

#388a. insulation, fire extinction

#389. thermometer

(3) Taste
#390. taste #391. insipidity

#392. pungency

#392a. saltiness

#392b. bitterness

#393. condiment

#394. savoriness #395. unsavoriness

#396. sweetness #397. sourness

(4) Odor
#398. odor #399. inodorousness

#400. fragrance #401. fetor

#401a. acridity


(5) Sound

(i) SOUND IN GENERAL

#402. sound #403. silence

#404. loudness #405. faintness


(ii) SPECIFIC SOUNDS
#406. snap #407. roll

#408. resonance #408a. nonresonance

#409. sibilation

#410. stridor

#411. cry #412. ululation

(iii) MUSICAL SOUNDS
#413. melody concord #414. discord

#415. music

#416. musician

#417. musical instruments

(iv) PERCEPTION OF SOUND
#418. hearing #419. deafness

(6) Light
(i) LIGHT IN GENERAL
#420. light #421. darkness

#422. dimness #423. luminary

#424. shade #425. transparency

#426. opacity #426a. turbidity
#427. semitransparency


(ii) SPECIFIC LIGHT
#428. color #429. achromatism

#430. whiteness #431. blackness

#432. gray #433. brown

        Primitive Colors    --    Complementary Colors 
#434. redness         #435. greenness
#436. yellowness      #437. purple    
#438. blueness           #439. orange

#440. variegation

(iii) PERCEPTIONS OF LIGHT
#441. vision #442. blindness

#443. dimsightedness

#444. spectator

#445. optical instruments

#446. visibility #447. invisibility

#448. appearance #449. disappearance


CLASS IV
WORDS RELATING TO THE INTELLECTUAL FACULTIES
DIVISION I FORMATION OF IDEAS
SECTION I. OPERATIONS OF INTELLECT IN GENERAL
#450. intellect #450a. absence or want

#451. thought #452. incogitancy

#453. idea #454. topic


SECTION II. PRECURSORY CONDITIONS AND OPERATIONS
#455. curiosity #456. incuriosity

#457. attention #458. inattention

#459. care #460. neglect

#461. inquiry #462. answer

#463. experiment

#464. comparison

#464a. incomparability

#465. discrimination #465a. indiscrimination

#465b. identification

#466. measurement


SECTION III. MATERIALS FOR REASONING

#467. evidence #468. counter evidence

#469. qualification


Degrees of Evidence
#470. possibility #471. impossibility

#472. probability #473. improbability

#474. certainty #475. uncertainty


SECTION IV. REASONING PROCESSES
#476. reasoning #477. intuition

#478. demonstration #479. confutation


SECTION V. RESULTS OF REASONING
#480. judgment #480a. discovery
#481. misjudgment

#482. overestimation #483. underestimation

#484. belief #485. unbelief doubt

#486. credulity #487. incredulity

#488. assent #489. dissent

#490. knowledge #491. ignorance

#492. scholar #493. ignoramus

#494. truth #495. error

#496. maxim #497. absurdity

#498. intelligence, wisdom #499. imbecility folly

#500. sage #501. fool

#502. sanity #503. insanity

#504. madman

SECTION VI EXTENSION OF THOUGHT
1. To the Past
#505. memory #506. oblivion

2. To the Future
#507. expectation #508. inexpectation

#509. disappointment

#510. foresight

#511. prediction

#512. omen

#513. oracle

SECTION VII. CREATIVE THOUGHT
#514. supposition

#514a. analogy

#515. imagination

DIVISION II COMMUNICATION OF IDEAS
SECTION I. NATURE OF IDEAS COMMUNICATED.
#516. meaning #517. unmeaningness

#518. intelligibility #519. unintelligibility

#520. equivocalness

#521. metaphor

#522. interpretation #523. misinterpretation

#524. interpreter

SECTION II. MODES OF COMMUNICATION
#525. manifestation #526. latency, implication

#527. information #527a. correction
#528. concealment

#529. disclosure

#530. ambush

#531. publication

#532. news #533. secret

#534. messenger

#535. affirmation #536. negation

#537. teaching #538. misteaching

#539. learning

#540. teacher #541. learner

#542. school

#543. veracity #544. falsehood

#545. deception

#546. untruth

#547. dupe #548. deceiver

#549. exaggeration

SECTION III. MEANS OF COMMUNICATING IDEAS
1. Natural Means
#550. indication

#551. record #552. obliteration

#553. recorder

#554. representation #555. misrepresentation

#556. painting

#557. sculpture

#558. engraving

#559. artist

2. Conventional Means
1. Language generally
#560. language

#561. letter

#562. word #563. neologism

#564. nomenclature #565. misnomer

#566. phrase

#567. grammar #568. solecism

#569. style

#570. perspicuity #571. obscurity

#572. conciseness #573. diffuseness

#574. vigor #575. feebleness

#576. plainness #577. ornament

#578. elegance #579. inelegance

2. Spoken Language
#580. voice #581. aphony

#582. speech #583. stammering

#584. loquacity #585. taciturnity

#586. allocution #587. response

#588. conversation #589. soliloquy

3. Written Language
#590. writing #591. printing

#592. correspondence #593. book

#594. description

#595. dissertation

#596. compendium

#597. poetry #598. prose

#599. drama

CLASS V
WORDS RELATING TO THE VOLUNTARY POWERS(1)
DIVISION I INDIVIDUAL VOLITION
SECTION I. VOLITION IN GENERAL
1. Acts of Volition
#600. will #601. necessity

#602. willingness

#603. unwillingness

#604. resolution

#604a. perseverance

#605. irresolution

#606. obstinacy #607. tergiversation

#608. caprice

#609. choice #609a. absence of choice

#610. rejection

#611. predetermination #612. impulse

#613. habit #614. desuetude

2. Causes of Volition
#615. motive #615a. absence of motive

#616. dissuasion #617. pretext

3. Objects of Volition
#618. good #619. evil

SECTION II. PROSPECTIVE VOLITION
1. Conceptional Volition

#620. intention #621. chance

#622. pursuit #623. avoidance

#624. relinquishment

#625. business

#626. plan

#627. method

#628. mid-course #629. circuit

#630. requirement

2. Subservience to Ends
1. Actual Subservience
#631. instrumentality

#632. means

#633. instrument

#634. substitute

#635. materials

#636. store

#637. provision #638. waste

#639. sufficiency

#640. insufficiency #641. redundancy

2. Degree of Subservience
#642. importance #643. unimportance

#644. utility #645. inutility

#646. expedience #647. inexpedience

#648. goodness #649. badness

#650. perfection #651. imperfection

#652. cleanness #653. uncleanness

#654. health #655. disease

#656. salubrity #657. insalubrity

#658. improvement #659. deterioration

#660. restoration #661. relapse

#662. remedy #663. bane

3. Contingent Subservience
#664. safety #665. danger

#666. refuge #667. pitfall

#668. warning

#669. alarm

#670. preservation

#671. escape

#672. deliverance

3. Precursory Measures
#673. preparation #674. nonpreparation

#675. essay

#676. undertaking

#677. use #678. disuse

#679. misuse

SECTION III. VOLUNTARY ACTION
1. Simple voluntary Action

#680. action #681. inaction

#682. activity #683. inactivity

#684. haste #685. leisure

#686. exertion #687. repose

#688. fatigue #689. refreshment

#690. agent

#691. workshop

2. Complex Voluntary Action

#692. conduct

#693. direction

#694. director

#695. advice

#696. council

#697. precept

#698. skill #699. unskillfulness

#700. proficient #701. bungler

#702. cunning #703. artlessness

SECTION IV. ANTAGONISM
1. Conditional Antagonism
#704. difficulty #705. facility

2. Active Antagonism
#706. hindrance #707. aid

#708. opposition #709. cooperation

#710. opponent #711. auxiliary

#712. party

#713. discord #714. concord

#715. defiance

#716. attack #717. defense

#718. retaliation #719. resistance

#720. contention #721. peace

#722. warfare #723. pacification

#724. mediation

#725. submission

#726. combatant

#727. arms

#728. arena


SECTION V. RESULTS OF VOLUNTARY ACTION
#729. completion #730. noncompletion

#731. success #732. failure

#733. trophy

#734. prosperity #735. adversity

#736. mediocrity

DIVISION II INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
SECTION I. GENERAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
<--Implying the action of the will of one mind over the will of another.-->
#737. authority #737a. government
#737b. politics
#738. laxity

#739. severity #740. lenity

#741. command

#742. disobedience #743. obedience

#744. compulsion

#745. master #746. servant

#747. scepter

#748. freedom #749. subjection

#750. liberation #751. restraint

#752. prison

#753. keeper #754. prisoner

#755. commission #756. abrogation

#757. resignation

#758. consignee

#759. deputy

SECTION II. SPECIAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
#760. permission #761. prohibition

#762. consent

#763. offer #764. refusal

#765. request #766. deprecation

#767. petitioner

SECTION III. CONDITIONAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
#768. promise

#768a. release from engagement

#769. compact

#770. conditions

#771. security

#772. observance #773. nonobservance

#774. compromise

SECTION IV. POSSESSIVE RELATIONS
<-- That is, relations which concern property. -->
1. Property in general
#775. acquisition #776. loss

#777. possession #777a. exemption

#778. participation

#779. possessor

#780. property

#781. retention #782. relinquishment

2. Transfer of Property
#783. transfer

#784. giving #785. receiving

#786. apportionment

#787. lending #788. borrowing

#789. taking #790. restitution

#791. stealing

#792. thief

#793. booty

3. Interchange of Property
#794. barter

#795. purchase #796. sale

#797. merchant

#798. merchandise

#799. mart

#799a. stock market

#799b. securities

4. Monetary Relations


#800. money

#801. treasurer

#802. treasury

#803. wealth #804. poverty

#805. credit #806. debt

#807. payment #808. nonpayment

#809. expenditure #810. receipt

#811. accounts

#812. price #812a. value #812b. worthlessness

#813. discount

#814. dearness #815. cheapness

#816. liberality #817. economy

#817a. greed

#818. prodigality #819. parsimony

CLASS VI
Words relating to the Sentiment and Moral Powers
SECTION I. AFFECTIONS IN GENERAL
#820. affections

#821. feeling

#822. sensibility #823. insensibility

#824. excitation

#825. excitability #826. inexcitability

SECTION II PERSONAL AFFECTIONS
1. Passive Affections
#827. pleasure #828. pain

#829. pleasurableness #830. painfulness

#831. content #832. discontent

#833. regret

#834. relief #835. aggravation

#836. cheerfulness #837. dejection

#838. rejoicing #839. lamentation

#840. amusement #841. weariness

#842. wit #843. dullness

#844. humorist

2. Discriminative Affections
#845. beauty #846. ugliness

#847. ornament #847a. jewelry
#848. blemish

#849. simplicity

#850. taste #851. vulgarity

#852. fashion

#853. ridiculousness

#854. fop

#855. affectation

#856. ridicule

#857. laughingstock

3. Prospective Affections
#858. hope #859. hopelessness

#860. fear

#861. courage #862. cowardice

#863. rashness #864. caution

#865. desire #866. indifference

#867. dislike

#868. fastidiousness

#869. satiety

4. Contemplative Affections
#870. wonder #871. expectance
#872. prodigy

5. Extrinsic Affections

<-- Or personal affections derived from the opinion or feelings of others.-->
#873. repute #874. disrepute

#875. nobility #876. commonality

#877. title

#878. pride #879. humility

#880. vanity #881. modesty

#882. ostentation

#883. celebration

#884. boasting

#885. insolence #886. servility

#887. blusterer

SECTION III. SYMPATHETIC AFFECTIONS
1. SOCIAL AFFECTIONS
#888. friendship #889. enmity

#890. friend #891. enemy

#892. sociality #893. seclusion, exclusion

#894. courtesy #895. discourtesy

#896. congratulation

#897. love #898. hate

#899. favorite

#900. resentment

#901. irascibility

#901a. sullenness

#902. endearment

#903. marriage #904. celibacy

#905. divorce

2. DIFFUSIVE SYMPATHETIC AFFECTIONS
#906. benevolence #907. malevolence

#908. malediction

#909. threat

#910. philanthropy #911. misanthropy

#912. benefactor #913. evil

3. SPECIAL SYMPATHETIC AFFECTIONS
#914. pity #914a. pitilessness

#915. condolence

4. RETROSPECTIVE SYMPATHETIC AFFECTIONS
#916. gratitude #917. ingratitude

#918. forgiveness #919. revenge

#920. jealousy

#921. envy

SECTION IV. MORAL AFFECTIONS
1. MORAL OBLIGATIONS
#922. right #923. wrong

#924. dueness #925. undueness

#926. duty #927. dereliction of duty

#927a. exemption

2.

MORAL SENTIMENTS
#928. respect #929. disrespect

#930. contempt

#931. approbation #932. disapprobation

#933. flattery #934. detraction

#935. flatterer #936. detractor

#937. vindication #938. accusation

3. MORAL CONDITIONS
#939. probity #940. improbity

#941. knave

#942. disinterestedness #943. selfishness

#944. virtue #945. vice

#946. innocence #947. guilt

#948. good man #949. bad man

#950. penitence #951. impenitence

#952. atonement

4. MORAL PRACTICE
#953. temperance #954. intemperance

#954a. sensualist

#955. asceticism

#956. fasting #957. gluttony

#958. sobriety #959. drunkenness

#960. purity #961. impurity

#962. libertine

5. INSTITUTIONS
#963. legality #964. illegality

#965. jurisdiction

#966. tribunal

#967. judge

#968. lawyer

#969. lawsuit

#970. acquittal #971. condemnation

#972. punishment

#973. reward #974. penalty

#975. scourge

SECTION V. RELIGIOUS AFFECTIONS
1. SUPERHUMAN BEINGS AND REGIONS
#976. deity

#977. angel #978. satan


Mythological and other fabulous Deities and Powers

#979. Jupiter #980. demon

#981. heaven #982. hell

2. RELIGIOUS DOCTRINES
#983. theology

#983a. orthodoxy #984. heterodoxy

#985. Judeo-Christian revelation #986. Non-Judeo-Christian revelation

3. RELIGIOUS SENTIMENTS
#987. piety #988. impiety

#989. irreligion

4. ACTS OF RELIGION
#990. worship #991. idolatry

#992. sorcery

#993. spell

#994. sorcerer

5. RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS
#995. churchdom

#996. clergy #997. laity

#998. rite

#999. canonicals

#1000. temple